The VDRL test, or Venereal Disease Research Laboratory test, is a blood test that is used to screen for syphilis. Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) that is caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum. The VDRL test measures the levels of antibodies to T. pallidum in the blood. These antibodies are produced by the body's immune system in response to infection. A positive VDRL test result means that the person has been exposed to T. pallidum, but it does not necessarily mean that they have active syphilis. A positive test result should be followed up with a more specific test, such as the fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTA-ABS) test, to confirm the diagnosis of syphilis. The VDRL test is a simple and painless blood test that can be performed in a doctor's office or a laboratory. The results of the test are usually available within a few days.